The Truth About Lying By Judith Viorst - 1346 Words

In â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,† Nathaniel Hawthorne portrays a married man disillusioned by the townspeople’s complicity in evil. In the tale, Brown discovers that every wholesome person he knows, including his wife, are in league with the devil. His life after the night that he discovers this truth is one of cynicism and depression, as he regards everyone to be a facade of who they truly are. Conventional wisdom would uphold this condemnation of dishonesty. However, in Judith Viorst’s â€Å"The Truth About Lying,† she presents a reality where various types of dishonesty-social, peacekeeping, protective, trust-keeping- are necessary. I believe that lying is morally right only if it facilitates harmonious social interactions between people. Lies meant†¦show more content†¦To give an example, imagine a close friend of yours is singing in a choir or play. After their performance, they ask you what you thought of their performance. If you believed that it was mediocre at best, it would be a grave mistake to tell them that. Doing so would crush their spirit and destroy your friendship with them. If you consider â€Å"you sang great† to be too much of a boldfaced lie, then what Viorst calls a â€Å"polite evasion† such as â€Å"you sang your heart out† will do just fine. Such falsehoods may seem morally wrong at first glance. However, they facilitate positive interactions rather than discord. Hawthorne demonstrates social lying in his story through Goodman Brown’s interaction with his wife, Faith. Brown, who has plans to meet with a shady character that night, tells her, â€Å"this one night must I tarry away from thee. My journey, as thou callest it, forth and back again, must needs be done twixt now and sunrise†. Hawthorne communicates the more subtle type of social lie known as omission. Brown leaves out the motives for his departure that night, depriving his wife of the truth. I do not endorse dishonesty to one’s significant other. Yet a sober analysis of the matter reveals that Brown does this to preserve his relationship with his wife. By promising her that he will return by sunup, Brown partakes in social lying through omission, in an effort to keep the good will in their marriage. This corresponds with the social lying that ViorstShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Lying As Being The Most Widely Accepted Definition1158 Words   |  5 PagesWebster ’s Dictionary defines lying as â€Å"an assertion of something known or believed by the speaker to be untrue with the intent to deceive.† Although there are many definitions of what lying is they are often condemned wrong by many philosophers. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy describes one definition of lying as being the most widely accepted definition. â€Å"A lie is a statement made by one who does not believe it with the intention that someone else shall be led to believe it.† The reason thisRead MoreHow Men and Women Lie Essay809 Words   |  4 Pages Truth is beautiful without doubt, but so are lies: Comparison and contrast about how men and women lie Many critics have tried to distinguish who lies more, men or women. Considering the arguments I read there is no proof of who lies more. Both sexes usually lie to protect themselves, to cover up for somebody else, or to stabilize their image. However, men and women lie differently reasons of lying in different situations. Therefore, it is impossible to say who lies more, men or women

Essay on Anorexia and Food Refusal in Children - 3655 Words

Anorexia and Food Refusal in Children Eating Disorders in children and adolescents represent potentially life-threatening, debilitating conditions that impede physical, emotional, and behavioral growth and development. If treated soon after onset, childhood and adolescent eating disorders have a relatively good prognosis; however, if not treated, they may become chronic conditions by adulthood with devastating and sometimes irreversible medical, behavioral, and emotional consequences (Robin, Gilroy, and Dennis, 1998, pp421). Feeding problems and eating disturbances in toddlers and early school age children are not particularly rare. They occur in 25%-40% of the population (Kerwin, 1999). However, severe eating disturbances†¦show more content†¦Some physical factors that are affected by poor diets include the following: anatomical abnormalities, sensory perceptual impairment, motor dysfunction, oral motor dysfunction and respiratory cardiac and gastrointestinal problems (Kerwin, 1999). Additionally, eating disturbances may place the child at great risk for aspiration, malnutrition, invasive medical procedures, admission to an inpatient unit for treatment of the problem, and limitations in social emotional and educational functioning and development (Kerwin, 1999). Early treatment of eating disorders is extremely important in caring for the health of children and adolescents. There are many treatments currently available to treat a variety of eating disorders. Some that will be discussed include anti-depressant medication, hospitalization, individual psychotherapy, family therapy, classical and operant conditioning, and cognitive restructuring. The purpose of this paper is to explore different treatments for anorexia and food refusal in children, and determine which treatments are most effective. HOSPITALIZATION Children and Adolescents with Anorexia can be hospitalized in pediatric or psychiatric units equally effectively (Robin et. al., 1998) as long as the impatient care environment is safe, firm, caring, highly structured, and not punitive. The main goal of hospitalization is nutritional stabilization. Inpatient treatments tend to focus more on physical healthShow MoreRelatedSymptoms, Epidemiological Statistics, Diagnosis, As Well As Treatment1596 Words   |  7 PagesABSTRACT Today, clinicians are not only able to diagnose eating disorders in adults, but also in the children, including the infants. Among the eating disorders witnessed in infants is infantile anorexia, which is pervasive in many countries across the globe. Worryingly, research indicates that about 70% of the kids with food refusal habits, as well as inappropriate weight gain during infancy have a tendency of experiencing similar problems later in life (Fitzgerald et al. 2010). The following isRead MoreEssay about eating disorders1286 Words   |  6 Pages Eat to live – don’t live to eat (or not to). This is very hard for a person with an eating disorder to understand since food is their tool for handling the stress and anxiety in their lives. Eating disorders affect millions of Americans each year (Eating Disorders 1). The most common eating disorders are Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Compulsive Overeating. These disorders are serious, and, when taken to extremes, can be life threatening as well. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;All eatingRead MoreAnorexia Case Study Jess Essay1488 Words   |  6 Pagespsychiatric unit. J.M., a 23-year-old woman, was admitted to the psychiatric unit last night after assessment and treatment at a local hospital emergency department (ED) for â€Å"blacking out at school.† She has been given a preliminary diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. As you begin to assess her, you notice that she has very loose clothing, she is wrapped in a blanket, and her extremities are very thin. She tells you, â€Å"I dont know why Im here. Theyre making a big deal about nothing.† She appears toRead MoreEssay about Anorexia1309 Words   |  6 Pagesdisorders and prove the these disease, specifically Anorexia Nervosa, continue to plague of women due to psychological and environmental factors along with pressure from the media. The term â€Å"Anorexia Nervosa† is misleading. It means â€Å"loss of appetite due to nerves.† But people with anorexia don ’t actually lose their appetite until the late stages of their starvation. Until, they do feel hungry, but they just won’t eat. People affected by anorexia have an extreme fear of gaining weight. In additionRead MoreEating Disorders : Anorexia And Bulimia1676 Words   |  7 Pagesthe leading mental illnesses in America are Anorexia and Bulimia. Both Anorexia and Bulimia are similar in the fact that they are highly popular in today’s world where it seems that physical appearance is always a topic of discussion; however, the two illnesses are different in the effects they have to a person’s body. To begin, Anorexia is the act of starving oneself due to an unhealthy obsession with one’s weight. Many girls who struggle with anorexia have an intense irrational fear of being overweightRead MoreBurden Of A Athlete s Beauty Test1204 Words   |  5 Pagescertain standard. Bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa are both uprising disorders that can be prevented, yet recognizing the different diagnosis criteria, symptoms or warning signs, and treatment options can help someone offer sympathy and support to anyone struggling with either disease. The first difference between the two diseases are their definitions and the criteria that encompasses each in order for a patient to be diagnosed with the illness. Anorexia is characterized by recurrent episodesRead MoreAnorexia And Bulimia Are Highly Deathly Diseases That Affect All Ages And Sexes But Primary Female Teenagers1258 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish III honors 13 April 2015 Anorexia and bulimia are highly deathly diseases that affect all ages and sexes but primary female teenagers. Anorexia and bulimia are diseases of the mind that affects the body, while the media promotes both anorexia and bulimia and presents the sick body results as the ideal body. Many people are unaware of what anorexia is and how the disease affects both the mind and body. Symptoms include; obsession with weight, depleted food intake, personal ideal body imageRead MoreMajor Risk Factors for the Development of Anorexia Nervosa1280 Words   |  6 PagesAnorexia Nervosa is an aggressive eating disorder inflicting people indiscriminately around the globe. It occurs primarily among females with onset generally occurring in early to late adolescence, often resulting in death. Anorexia nervosa is characterised by an individuals refusal to maintain a healthy weight, intense fear of weight gain and a distorted body image. The major risk factors contributing to the development of anorexia are Genetics, Psychological Traits, Cultural and Media Ideals andRead MoreEating Disorders : Anorexia Nervosa1493 Words   |  6 PagesHDFS 408 Hernandez Illness Paper – Anorexia Nervosa February 28, 2016 According to the Mayo Clinic (2016), eating disorders are â€Å"conditions related to persistent eating behaviors that negatively impact your health, your emotions, and your ability to function in important areas of life.† One such eating disorder is anorexia nervosa. Not to be confused with anorexia, which is simply a general loss of appetite that can be attributed to many medical ailments, anorexia nervosa is a serious eating disorderRead MoreEating Disorders And Body Image Issues1655 Words   |  7 Pagesailments characterized by intense fear of becoming obese, distorted body image, and prolonged food refusal (anorexia nervosa) and/or binge eating followed by purging through induced vomiting, heavy exercise, or use of laxatives (bulimia nervosa).These ailments are not pretty. In this society, where only the fit and thin bodies are accepted and appreciated, eating disorders are more common than they should be. Children, starting at a young age, see skinny people on televisi on and in magazines. They hear comments

Aristotle or a post-modern anti-hero Free Essays

In On the Road Jack Kerouac produces what has become known as the archetypal Beat hero, Dean Moriaty. An analysis of whether he is closer to a traditional Aristotelian hero or to the postmodern anti-hero will reveal much about the often contradictory forces at work within the â€Å"rhythms of fifties underground America, jazz, sex, generosity, chill dawns and drugs . . We will write a custom essay sample on Aristotle or a post-modern anti-hero? or any similar topic only for you Order Now . â€Å" (Holmes, 1957). Before discussing which Moriaty is closer to it will be necessary to briefly define both the traditional and the postmodern hero, identifying what they hold in common and what divides them. The traditional Aristotelian hero is a high-born man, normally royal or at least from the aristocracy who appears to be on top of the world at the beginning of his story. He has many advantages, both natural and acquired. He is often successful, popular with others and apparently happy. The tragic hero normally has something that has been called â€Å"the fatal flaw† (Kaufmann, 1992). This flaw may be something he has no blame for, such as the heel that makes Achilles physically vulnerable, the jealousy that makes Othello emotionally vulnerable or the introspection that makes Hamlet delay so long. This fatal flaw often leads, in one way or another, to the downfall of the tragic hero. So the traditional tragic hero falls from a high social position to disgrace and/or death through circumstance and through his supposed fatal flaw. Aristotle said that his fate should inspire â€Å"pity and fear† within the audience (Aristotle, 2001).   Pity for the fate of the individual tragic hero and fear that they might fall into a similar situation themselves.   By contrast, the anti-hero is, according to the American Heritage Dictionary, â€Å"a main character in a dramatic or narrative work who is characterized by a lack of traditional heroic qualities, such as idealism of courage† (America, 1992). Some clue to which definition of protagonist – hero or anti-hero – Dean Moriaty falls can be found within the fact that the very term â€Å"anti-hero† is in fact a Twentieth Century invention (Lawall, 1966).   The idea of the anti-hero is in many ways linked to early twentieth century philosophies such as Existentialism, which suggested that life has little meaning and that no absolute standards of morality are relevant. The anti-hero creates his own sense of values, often from moment to moment, according to the needs of the moment. The postmodern anti-hero takes on similar propensities, although he is even more extreme. The â€Å"Man-With-No-Name† character that Clint Eastwood played in the 1960’s spaghetti westerns is perhaps the classic postmodern anti-hero. The world of these westerns does not have â€Å"good† and â€Å"evil† as could be identified by the white/black horses, the white/black cowboy hats and the handsome/ugly actors of the traditional Western. There are merely shades of darkness in the spaghetti western, and the same can be said for most of the characters in On the Road, set as it is within a world of constant wandering throughout America that is in some ways very similar to a western. One of the most important facets of On the Road is the fact that there are two main characters. First, there is Sal Paradise, the titular narrator of the novel that has been more or less associated with Kerouac himself; and second, there is Dean Moriaty. The reader is rapidly and constantly drawn into views of Dean Moriaty. Sal describes him as â€Å"simply a youth tremendously excited with life† who possesses â€Å"a kind of holy lightning . .. flashing from his excitement and his visions† (Kerouac, 1957).   Later Dean is described as â€Å"the holy con-man with the shining mind† (Kerouac, 1957). So in the manner of both the hero and the anti-hero, Dean is a charismatic character who draws others to him through the sheer energy that he exudes and his apparent zest for everything life has to offer. But Dean is very low born. He is apparently the son of an alcoholic who was never really raised properly and who has had criminal propensities from a very young age. Dean has been in prison for stealing cars. While traditional tragic heroes may commit the most serious of crimes (often murder) they are not normally criminal in a conventional sense. There is something petty and hopeless about the kind of criminality that Dean Moriaty displays. But in the best tradition of the postmodern anti-hero, Dean has learned a lot about how to live from his incarceration. He states, with characteristic bluntness: Only a guy who’s spent five years in jail can go to such maniacal  helpless extremes . . . prison is where you promise yourself the  right to live.  (Kerouac, 1957) So the anti-hero discovers himself through falling from grace, even if he probably did not have far to fall in the first place. Rather than going to his death or languishing in the shame of his crimes he lives out the years of his imprisonment and then comes out to go â€Å"on the road†. In one sense the novel shows what might happen when the tragic hero has fallen, been transformed and emerged as a postmodern anti-hero. Dean does fall further however, especially as the novel continues and the novelty of being free to do as he wishes starts to wear thin. Thus his abandonment of his wife and child are brought to his attention, indeed he is confronted with it. Sal, ever the intelligent observer, states that â€Å"where once Dean would have talked his way out, now he fell silent . . . he was BEAT† (Kerouac, 1957). The protagonist of the novel goes through it performing decidedly un-heroic deeds such as this abandonment. He also expresses a constant and rather disturbing attraction for very young girls, often only 12 or 13, especially those who are prostitutes and thus totally vulnerable to his desires. Near the end of the novel he actually abandons Sal as he lies sick in Mexico City. Ultimately Sal comes to see Dean in a very brutal light, oine that hardly meets any kind of definition other than a decidedly anti-hero: . . . when I got better I realized what a rat he was, but then I hadbto understand the impossible complexity of his life, how he had to leave me there, sick, to get on with his wives and woes.b(Kerouac, 1957) (emphasis added) Dean is thus essentially a coward, and a lack of courage is never part of the character of a tragic hero, whatever other faults he may possess. But Sal, in characteristically postmodern fashion, does not blame Dean for his cowardice and being a â€Å"rat†. The postmodern condition is one in which there are no absolute standards of ethics and thus everything is more or less forgiven. It is the â€Å"complexity† of his life that Sal feels makes Dean constantly abandon people. He is just another character who moves through an aimless world with little to concern him except an increasingly futile search for a purely hedonistic lifestyle. The constant traveling in the book makes Dean an anti-hero rather than a hero. While many tragic heroes travel (Aeschylus, Odysseus) they nearly always have some kind of destination – whether it be ethical or geographical, in mind. The characters of On the Road travel constantly, but with, to quote a popular song of the period â€Å"no particular place to go†. They travel for the sake of traveling.   This aimless travel is a symbol for the lack of a higher ethical or religious structure within which to live. The characters of On the Road are sure of nothing, except that, as Sal says at the end of the book â€Å"nobody knows what’s going to happen to anybody besides the forlorn rags of growing old† (Kerouac, 1957). Dean moves from the West to the East to the West to the South . . .   and on with a sense of rather melancholy endlessness. At the end of the novel Dean returns to the West Coast on his own, and Sal ruminates upon the sad meaninglessness of life. While much has happened in the novel in some senses, in the classic, Aristotelian sense very little has occurred that will permanently change people. On the Road has no simple dramatic structure. There is no climax and denouement. Rather it is a formless kind of a quest story in which the search is an end in itself. This endless quest give On the Road   a post-modern structure. The characters are on an existential search for themselves that seems doomed to failure. Dean Moriaty is the archetypal post-modern anti-hero within this quest. He draws people to him, and they travel thousands of miles in order to be a part of his wandering life. But when he loses interest in them he drops them with what appears to be a callous disregard for the consequences. But there is something â€Å"heroic† in his actions as he is at least being honest. He is being true to himself. If that â€Å"self† much of the time is cowardly, casually cruel, vaguely criminal and pedophilic in nature then he will still reveal it. To conclude, it seems clear that Dean Moriaty, the protagonist of On the Road is far nearer to a post-modern anti-hero than   to a traditional, classical hero. The world that he inhabits is one in which there is little meaning. It is an often dark, forbidding place in which the Cold War threatens nuclear missiles and in which a kind of despairing hedonism is the only course of action which seems relevant to most of the characters. They move around the country at an often dizzying rate, driving all night long for no apparent reason other than the fact they are moving. Romantic relationships are often little more than brief romantic liaisons and marriages are abandoned with the same disregard for consequences that the children that have come from them are thrown away. Dean Moriaty is a post-modern anti-hero, one that a myriad of similar figures have been more or less based upon in the fifty years since On the Road   was first publish. Works Cited American Heritage Dictionary, Dell, New York: 1992. Aristotle, The Basic Works of Aristotle, Modern Library, New York: 2001. Holmes, Richard. â€Å"On the Road Review†. The Times, London: 1957. Kaufmann, Walter. Tragedy and Philosophy. Princeton UP, New York: 1992. Kerouac, Jack. On the Road. Penguin, New York: 1957. Lawall, Greg. â€Å"Apollonius Argonautica. Jason as Anti-Hero†. Yale Classical Studies. 19, 119-169. How to cite Aristotle or a post-modern anti-hero?, Essay examples

Raisin in the Sun The Symbolism of Dreams Example For Students

Raisin in the Sun: The Symbolism of Dreams Significance of dreams in Raisin in the Sun. What dreams do the major characters have and what widen do the younger carry through their dream? Raisin in the Sun drama was written by Lorraine Hansberry. This drama s cardinal secret plan revolves around accomplishment of dreams, battle against racism Discrimination and importance of household and relationship. In this drama Lorraine Hansberry narrates differences between dreams of people from same race, even from same household but of different age, different instruction backgrounds excessively. Raisin in the Sun is a drama which revolves around African-American family’s battle to travel out from ghetto and about whole family’s dream. This drama is based on author’s ain experiences.Most of all characters existent. In this drama whole household has their ain dreams and aspiration for better life. This dreams and aspiration are non limited to their race, but it can be seen in individuals from assorted backgrounds. Here perceptual experience of better life is different for every character in drama but implicit in want is same, to acquire a better life.IN this drama chief characters are Lena, Walter, Ruth, and Beneath Younger. All lives in same house but their heads are wholly different. Each of them wants to make different things, want to pass money in different manner. Here money came from Lena’s husband’s decease insurance. Lena was Mrs. Younger and she was caput of household after decease of Mr. Younger and she was spiritual, moral and consecutive adult female. Walter was Lena’s boy. Walter was a dreamer and wanted to go rich every bit shortly as possible and wants to get his family’s wealth for his concern with his friends. Beneatha is Walter’s sister and Ma ma ( Lena’s ) girl. She was 20 old ages old bright pupil and was most educated individual in whole younger household. Ruth is Walter’s married woman. She was invariably contending against poorness from really get downing but mentally really strong adult female. After decease of Walter sr. ( Lena’s hubby ) they heard about insurance claim and dreamed to utilize that money in their ain manner. Walter’s dreamed to get down a Liquor store with aid of Insurance’s money, Beneatha dreamed to utilize this money in her instruction and wanted to go a physician. Ruth wanted this money to go affluent and pass it over.And chief character, caput of the house Lena wanted to purchase a new large house where she and her household can populate peacefully, where she can bask horticulture and pass her life swimmingly. When Lena acquire 10000 dollar’s cheque she decided to purchase a 3000 dollar’s house in Clybourne Park where all neighbours are white. She besides wants to set sufficient sum in bank for Beneatha survey to go a physician. Lena’s dreams were consecutive frontward and simple with maintaining all household members’ dreams in head. She did all things as planned and surprised household with it. She tho ught all will be really happy. All became happy after cognizing about Lena’s measure except Walter. Walter was sad and disquieted after watching her female parent spends money for house and even for Beneatha survey but dint gave him money for Liquor store. He asked Lena about it. Lena was really sort and she can’t see her boy in problem or sad so she decided to give remainder sum to Walter though she disliked his program. .After all all she wanted is whole family’s felicity. Walter did non merely put money from his stack but besides invested money which were supposed to maintain aside for Beneatha’s medical survey. Walter gave money to his friends for puting up Liquor store and to acquire Liquor shop’s licence. But his friends cheated him and fled off with money. Ruth was pregnant while Walter lost his money and besides his aspiration. Ruth was sort adult female so she forgave Walter and advised him to bury yesteryear and travel for new beginning. Ruth besides wanted to go affluent but she accepts the world and supports his hubby. As mentioned earlier â €Å"differences between dreams of people from same race, even from same household but of different age, different instruction background and from different mindset.† Can be seen here as less educate Walter put full trust on his friend for speedy money and concern, Educated miss Beneatha wants to analyze, Ruth wants luxury and old frailty Mama wants house. .u75d79f9c142e0966f79f3748876d2a6d , .u75d79f9c142e0966f79f3748876d2a6d .postImageUrl , .u75d79f9c142e0966f79f3748876d2a6d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u75d79f9c142e0966f79f3748876d2a6d , .u75d79f9c142e0966f79f3748876d2a6d:hover , .u75d79f9c142e0966f79f3748876d2a6d:visited , .u75d79f9c142e0966f79f3748876d2a6d:active { border:0!important; } .u75d79f9c142e0966f79f3748876d2a6d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u75d79f9c142e0966f79f3748876d2a6d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u75d79f9c142e0966f79f3748876d2a6d:active , .u75d79f9c142e0966f79f3748876d2a6d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u75d79f9c142e0966f79f3748876d2a6d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u75d79f9c142e0966f79f3748876d2a6d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u75d79f9c142e0966f79f3748876d2a6d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u75d79f9c142e0966f79f3748876d2a6d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u75d79f9c142e0966f79f3748876d2a6d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u75d79f9c142e0966f79f3748876d2a6d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u75d79f9c142e0966f79f3748876d2a6d .u75d79f9c142e0966f79f3748876d2a6d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u75d79f9c142e0966f79f3748876d2a6d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Mary Queen of scots- biography EssayAfter all this Beneatha came to cognize that Walter did non set money in bank for her survey, she was really disquieted and left the program of going a physician. During this clip her friend Asagai came and asked Beneath hat What if her male parent was still alive? .He told Beneath to bury about that 10 thousand dollar and maintain traveling. As these things raised a hope in Beneatha and she studied difficult. Meanwhile she besides came to cognize that she was in love with Asagai and wanted to get married him. Besides Beneatha wanted to make medical internship with Asagai in Nigeria which is Asagai’s fatherland. Till this phase, we can see Walter younger got his bend to carry through his dream but he can non carry through it as his friends cheated him. Following to this ground his married woman Ruth Younger besides supposed to bury about her dream as her hubby ruined all money. Beneath, Walter’s sister was besides approximately to destroy her calling and bury dream due to Walter’s error merely but someway her friend Asagai helped her out and raised a hope in Beneath to carry through her dream to go a physician. Mrs. Younger’s dream about her new house was partially completed but she was non happy with what happened with remainder of money and besides there was a job with their new house. They all Mama, Walter, Beneath had different dreams in get downing but after losing money on Walter s dream Walter and his married woman Ruth ruined their dreams and Walter s sister Beneath was besides approximately to destroy her dream but with aid of her friend she someway managed to c arry through her dream. So, now all wanted to carry through Mrs. Younger’s dream merely to acquire their ain new house which has yard excessively. There was another job excessively on younger household except money job. It was with their new place. Mr.Lindner was local white leader of country where younger bought their new place. He ( Mr. Lindner ) didn’t want younger to travel to Clybourne country as their tegument was black. Mr. Lindner tried to acquire house back via giving payoff, inquiring younger to sell it at higher monetary value and even by endangering them. But after buying Mrs. Younger’s dream house, younger’s been non in temper of losing the house and fight back with Mr.Lindner and local governments. In this fight whole household stood together for Mrs. Younger’s dream as they realized the value of household and relationship after Walter acquiring lose in concern and Beneath found her manner. Below is decision about â€Å"what extend do the younger carry through their dream? † In the terminal of play household moved to new place to get down all over and acquire a new life. Though it was non easy to get down all over and forgot past. But they started as their life had merely begun. In this drama we can reason that Walter s dream does non carry through as he acquire his opportunity but ruined money due to Failed programs and false trust. Walter’s married woman Ruth’s dream besides does non carry through as Walter ruined all left money and there was no hope to carry through her dream. She did non acquire her opportunity to carry through her dream. Walter’s sister and Mama s girl Beneatha got her opportunity as her Mama gave him sufficient sum for medical instruction but her brother Walter ruined her dream via puting her money excessively in Liquor concern without stating anyone about it. But with aid of her friend she Somehow managed non to give up and continued to trail her dream. But when there was a inquiry on dream of household s anchor Mrs. Lena Younger all stood by her side and battle against racism and achieved their dream. Here they all won against racism and fulfilled Mrs. Lena s dream. But in the terminal that dream of having a place with pace is non merely dream of Mrs. Younger. It was dream of her boy Walter, her girl Beneatha, her girl in jurisprudence Ruth s dream excessively. .u22eda9f3f4cc49ade93a73caf8c9b884 , .u22eda9f3f4cc49ade93a73caf8c9b884 .postImageUrl , .u22eda9f3f4cc49ade93a73caf8c9b884 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u22eda9f3f4cc49ade93a73caf8c9b884 , .u22eda9f3f4cc49ade93a73caf8c9b884:hover , .u22eda9f3f4cc49ade93a73caf8c9b884:visited , .u22eda9f3f4cc49ade93a73caf8c9b884:active { border:0!important; } .u22eda9f3f4cc49ade93a73caf8c9b884 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u22eda9f3f4cc49ade93a73caf8c9b884 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u22eda9f3f4cc49ade93a73caf8c9b884:active , .u22eda9f3f4cc49ade93a73caf8c9b884:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u22eda9f3f4cc49ade93a73caf8c9b884 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u22eda9f3f4cc49ade93a73caf8c9b884 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u22eda9f3f4cc49ade93a73caf8c9b884 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u22eda9f3f4cc49ade93a73caf8c9b884 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u22eda9f3f4cc49ade93a73caf8c9b884:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u22eda9f3f4cc49ade93a73caf8c9b884 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u22eda9f3f4cc49ade93a73caf8c9b884 .u22eda9f3f4cc49ade93a73caf8c9b884-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u22eda9f3f4cc49ade93a73caf8c9b884:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Evaluation of Literary Elements: an Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge. EssaySo, In the terminal all household members can non accomplish their end, fulfilled their dream but as a cosmopolitan dream they fulfilled whole Family’s dream. Lorraine Hansberry tried to demo topographic point of dreams, aspirations, forgiveness and integrity and their power in life.

All for love by john dryden free essay sample

Serapion describes foreboding omens (of storms, whirlwinds, and the flooding of the Nile) of Egypt’s impending doom. Alexas, Cleopatra’s eunuch, dismisses Serapion’s claims and is more concerned with Cleopatra’s relationship with Antony. He sees that Cleopatra dotes on Antony and worries that Antony will not continue seeing Cleopatra. Thus, Serapion hosts a festival to celebrate Antony’s honor. Ventidius, a Roman general, comes to aide Antony in Alexandria. Ventidius disagrees with Antony’s relationship with Cleopatra and offers to give Antony troops if he leaves her. Although Antony is insulted by Ventidius’s opinions regarding Cleopatra (and refuses to hear anything negative about her), Antony agrees. Act Two Cleopatra mourns about her situation without Antony. Charmion, Cleopatra’s lady in waiting, attempts to set up a meeting between Cleopatra and Antony, but she is unsuccessful. Cleopatra thus sends Alexas to try to win back Antony using gifts (jewels including a bracelet). We will write a custom essay sample on All for love by john dryden or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Alexas suggests that Cleopatra should tie the bracelet onto Antony’s wrist. In the subsequent meeting between Cleopatra and Antony, Ventidius appears and tries to proclaim how Cleopatra is not Antony’s rightful partner and would betray him for her own safety. However, Cleopatra wins this argument by demonstrating a letter showing that she refused Egypt and Syria from Octavius. Antony is overjoyed by Cleopatra’s decision and proclaims his love for her. Act Three Antony is returning from battle and is overwhelmed with love for Cleopatra. Ventidius comes to speak with Antony, who attempts to flee unsuccessfully. Antony does not want to go back to war but doesnt know how to stop it. He believes Dolabella can help him and Ventidius brings Dolabella out. Dolabella, Antony’s friend, appears after Antony’s success in battle. Dolabella was banished for his love for Cleopatra, but he returns to a warm welcome from Antony. Dolabella offers a gift that will bring peace between Antony and Caesar. The gift is Octavia, Antonys true wife and Caesars sister, and Antony’s two daughters. Octavia tells Antony the war will stop when he returns to his rightful place, by her side. Antony and Octavia reunite, and Alexas’s attempts to meddle for the sake of Cleopatra are dismissed. Cleopatra appears informed of her defeat. Alexas tells her to avoid Octavia but Cleopatra chooses to face her as a rival. Cleopatra and Octavia have an argument, it seems clear that Octavia is whom Antony rightfully belongs to, even if it is not she whom he loves most. Act Four Antony has been convinced by Octavia that his rightful place is by her side, in Rome, with his children. Antony plans to leave but does not have the strength to tell Cleopatra himself. Antony asks Dolabella to tell Cleopatra he is leaving so that Antony will not be persuaded to stay. Ventidius overhears that Dolabella will be going to Cleopatra to bid her farewell. He also sees her divising a plan with Alexas to inspire jealousy in Antony by way of Dolabella. Ventidius and Octavia see Dolabella taking Cleopatra’s hand, but when the time comes to make a move romantically, both of them fall apart from the guilt of their betrayal. Ventidius tells Antony that Cleopatra and Dollabella have become lovers and Octavia also bears witness. Ventidius then asks Alexas to testify to the same story, which Alexas believes to be. Antony is infuriated by this information, but is still looking for some loophole that would confirm Cleopatras innocence. Antonys belief in Cleopatras innocence hurts Octavia and she leaves permanently. When Dolabella and Cleopatra try to explain themselves Antony refuses to believe them. Act Five Antony takes Cleopatras naval fleet and sails to Caesar where he is greeted like an old friend. They then sail back to Alexandria. When Cleopatra hears of this Alexas tells her to flee and that he will attempt to make amends with Caesar. Cleopatra tells him this would make him a traitor and that he cannot go to Caesar. Cleopatra flees and Alexas is left behind. Antony and Ventidius meet up and prepare to fight. Alexas, Cleopatra’s messenger, comes and informs Antony that Cleopatra is dead. Antony then tells Ventidus to end his life, but Ventidius refuses and kills himself. With Ventidius dead, Antony then tried and failed to commit suicide. Cleopatra then comes in and sees the dying Antony, and living on the verge of death. Cleopatra then kills herself. Serapion delivers their eulogy.

#8220;Argumentative Essay Sample on Women in the Army Should They Be There or Not #8220;

#8220;Argumentative Essay Sample on Women in the Army Should They Be There or Not #8220; Society says that women are equal to men, and can do anything a man can. For the most part that is right, there have been women that have excelled and achieved things society thought only men could do. There is an exception to this, WAR. Women are not built for war, they do not have the strength it requires or the mental stability, but they still want to try to succeed. This is not because they want to serve there country as much but to show society that women are just as capable as men are. War requires a lot of training, physical strength and stamina. These characteristics most men have. Doctors and physical trainers show facts that even the most robust women do not have all of these qualities. Most soldiers carry around a 400 pound backpack plus a gun, they have been trained to run and dodge bullets while firing back and not to leave any soldier behind, so they lift a 400 pound body onto there shoulders and run him to safety as well. The facts show that a woman does not have the body build for these kinds of tasks. This is why in present day women have different training standards to men. We all know that there are some strong women that will be able to do the menà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s training, but the emotional side of war will get them. Most men have problems handling these emotions during and for a long time after the war. Now doctors know that women are very emotional people due to there hormones, but they also know that when you put a women in a danger zone men become emotionally involved too. This is because society shows that men are supposed to protect the women, and that is what there jobs are. This causes problems on the battlefield, if someone gets shot and they go down, a man wonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t leave a woman, and women will try not leave a man to lie there and die even if they told them to go. Just war its self emotionally affects you, the bombs going off, bullets wizzing past your head, soldiers dieing all around you will cause major emotional problems to a man, but to a woman the emotions would be unbearable causing her training and skills to falter. When you go into battle, you will be fighting for months at a time. Soldiers tend to make friends and form relationships with the men or women they are fighting with. Now with a man you can become good friends but a woman u could get awfully close. This happens especially if she is the only women they have seen in months. Physical facts show that women get abused on the battle field, women get captured and they get tortured and rapped over and over again by the enemy, but this happens with in the lines of your own men too. These are the main reasons women should not be put on a battlefield, the relationship with men, there physical and there mental strength just do will not handle war. For the women that have made it through war and made it out will be mentally unstable for the rest of there lives, Yes they set out to do what they wanted to prove to men that they can do it and at times prove that they can serve there country, but paid a higher price at the end.

Marketing Research Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Marketing Research Plan - Essay Example To ensure we get cooperation on the study, we intend to visit at least two universities that offer both fulltime and online degrees modules to their students. We will also visit two companies to study on those who are not studying but intend to study so as to know what would motivate them to study an online degree course. We intend to spit this study into three distinct steps as follow: The first step will involve use of a questionnaire that will be utilized to get at the base of motivations on what would happen if those working fulltime have other options of studying. This study would only involve only those who are studying the online degree programme. The second step would involve direct interviewing of all students on the university on what would motivate them to take an online degree. This interview would involve both those in fulltime and part-time base programme. We intend to approach the administration of the two universities that offer online degree programm... The Study 1 We intend to approach the administration of the two universities that offer online degree programmes. We will use over observational approach in this study whereby we will identify ourselves as researchers and clarify to them on the main rationale of the study. For this case, we will request them to give us the contacts of those studying online degree programmes in their university. We will get their contacts especially email address and we would send them our questionnaire to them. The following questionnaire will be use in this study. The students will be expected to fill the questionnaires and email them back to us on their views regarding online degree courses. Study 2 The second study will involve direct interviewing students at the university. We will pick students at random at the university and interview them concerning online degree courses. We will introduce ourselves to students as researchers and our intention our carrying out the research. We would spend around 15 to 20 minutes with the students and discuss their view in regard to online degree course. After this, we would compile discussion and come up with the correct ideas on the best view concerning online degree courses. Questionnaire Choice Question Note: Question 1 - 5 has no specific quantifiable value; they are intended to measure affiliation with those already studying online degree programme. I. Which degree programme did you use in your previous study Fulltime programme _______________ Online Programme _______________ II. Which degree programme would you prefer today Fulltime programme _______________ Online Programme _______________ III. Why do you prefer the degree programme chosen above Convenience ________________ Cost

Alternative Fuels for the Automobiles of Tomorrow Essay

Alternative Fuels for the Automobiles of Tomorrow - Essay Example Infact this sight serves as a resource sight for many private websites pertaining to the topic under consideration. This is a US government Department of Energy website that contains a plethora of information related to energy efficiency, alternative fuels and futuristic and hybrid vehicles. Being a US government managed website, it is high in credibility and veracity. This site is rich in informative articles, news reports and advanced search options. All the information furnished on this website is unbiased and professionally scientific in its approach. This website is updated on a regular basis and conforms to the currency of the issue being considered. The information provided by this website agrees with the data provided by other such scientific and policy related sites. This is a technical report published by Air & Waste Management Association of Canada. The experts associated with compilation of this report hail from prestigious academic and government institutions like the Department of Civil Engineering, University of Toronto and US Environmental Protection Agency. This report compares the life cycles of the latest alternative fuels and their environmental impact. Going by the esteem and reputation of the experts and institutions involved in the compilation of this report, it is highly credible and authentic in its credentials. This a government website designed specifically from the students' perspective and contains informa

Tay-sachs disease Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Tay-sachs disease - Case Study Example The type of information that the Trosacks would get from each member would definitely be markedly different. For example, the nurse would probably be available in a capacity that was strictly in order to help Mrs. Trosack learn more about her pregnancy and the practical issues that might arise with the responsibilities she were to accept the challenge to be a mother to a Tay-Sachs child. In terms of the geneticist, the geneticist would be able to logically explain why their unborn child has Tay-Sachs, not to mention how he or she would genetically break down the facts in order to help explain to the couple about how the recessive gene on the paternal side needs to be available for both parents to be carriers. The doctor would probably talk about the main effects of the illness on the child and what kind of treatment would be needed. The chaplain would be available for moral support. 2. Teaching Plan For the Trosacks’ Initial a. Genetic Diagnosis The diagnosis of Tay-Sachs is, fortunately, one clear-cut fact. According to NINDS Tay-Sachs Disease Information Page (2011), â€Å"Patients and carriers of Tay-Sachs disease can be identified by a simple blood test that measures beta-hexosaminidase A activity. Both parents must carry the mutated gene in order to have an affected child. [Given these circumstances, usually] there is a 25 percent chance†¦that [their] child will be affected with Tay-Sachs†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (pgh. 2). b. Treatment The treatment of Tay-Sachs is probably going to be aggressive in nature.

Criminal Liability and GBH Problem Question

Criminal Liability and GBH Problem Question From a brief review of the facts it seems that Aisling may be charged for criminal liability under non-fatal offences against the following; Charles, Bernadette Dan. However, Aisling must realize that the prosecution would have to prove each and every element of the beyond reasonable doubt, Woolmington v DPP[1]; which is a very high standard to achieve. S.39 of the Criminal Justice Act (CJA) 1988[2] defines common assault battery as summary offences, and consequently a person proven guilty of either is liable to a fine and/or imprisonment for not more than 6 months. The prosecution, will likely assert that Aislings words constituted an assault to Charles. For such a charge to carry any liability, the prosecution will have to prove that Aislings intentional words caused Charles to apprehend impending unlawful force. The House of Lords (HOL) made it clear in Ireland [3], that words can on their own constitute an assault; as per Lord Stern. Moreover, Aisling cannot take up the defense , that she did not intend to threat Charles, but rather just wanted Charles to leave; consequently, her act of saying the words is enough evidence for a charge of assault, Logdon v DPP [4]. However, in this case, the whole conviction rests on the fact that did the victim apprehend immediate unlawful personal violence? because if Charles did not feel threatened at any moment during his conversation with Aisling, then such a conviction may not stand against the defendant. The court cleared that in situations where an assault to person is not possible, words alone could not suffice to carry any liability; Tuberville v Savage [5]. Conversely, it is necessary to understand that for a charge of assault, it is essential to prove that the victim had an appreciation of imminent harm from the defendant; it is not enough to show that as the result of the defendants actions the victim developed fear that they might be harmed on some time later in the future. Thus, it seems unlikely that such a charge would carry any liability under s.39 CJA 1988. Lastly, the prosecution must prove that Aisling either intended or was reckless to the fact that her words could apprehend imminent unlaw ful violence to Charles; Venna (COA)[6] affirmed by HOL in Savage and Parmenter [7]. This seems quite self-evident given the fact, that she intended to use those words so that Charles would leave the birthday party. As for Aislings criminal liability towards Bernadette; she may be charged on two accounts; firstly, the injury to the foot, sustained by Bernadette; Aisling may be charged under s.20 OAPA for maliciously wounding or inflicting GBH. For such a charge the prosecution must prove that the defendants actions or omissions, wounded the victim; and as per the decision in C (a minor) v. Eisenhower[8], wounding entails à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ a break in the continuity of both layers of the skin. Both the dermis and epidermis must be broken. However, it is noteworthy to mention that generally, minor wounds are charged under s.47 OAPA, but considering the evidence that Bernadette lost a lot of blood and required ten stiches, it is fair to assume that this criminal charge will fall under s. 20 OAPA. As far as the Mens rea is concerned, the prosecution must establish that Aisling either intended or was reckless to the fact of causing the injury/ies. Lord Diplock in Mowatt[9] made clear the correct interp retation of maliciously; and later affirmed by the HOL in Savage Parmenter[10]; that it does not matter whether the accused foresaw that their unlawful act could not cause harm to such a gravity, i.e. serious harm. All that was essential was that the accused anticipated à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦some physical harm to some person, albeit of a minor characterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. And from the facts, it is palpable that Aisling noticed the broken glass and the danger it may cause to the guests who were about to play blindfolded, but neglected the danger which she created, anyways. Such recklessness is covered by the test laid down by Lord Diplock. And, in Caldwell[11] Lord Ackner affirmed that the prosecution must prove the defendants intention or foresight, of his actions causing harm. Aisling second charge will be for the punch, which although was meant for Dan but landed on Bernadette; s.47 OAPA Assault occasioning actual bodily harm (ABH) provides for imprisonment for a term not exceeding 5 years. The prosecution must firstly, establish that there was a common assault, both assault and battery; DPP v. Little[12]; and this assault or battery resulted in occasioning ABH to the victim. Here, Aisling tried to punch Dan, but he ducked and the punch was received by Bernadette, which is battery; the actual unlawful force towards the victim, without their consent, Fagan v MPC[13]. The prosecution must establish that there was an application of force; Collins v Wilcock[14]; Goff LJ stated à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ that every persons body is inviolateà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Any touching of another person, however slight may amount to a battery. ABH is defined in Miller[15], as including any hurt or injury calculated to interfere with the health or comfort of the victim. The 1994 Charging Standards guidelines provides a scale to determine ABH [16]. Secondly, the persecution must establish causation; that the application of force, occasioned the bodily harmed suffered by the victim. The test to establish legal causation would require the prosecution to prove that Aislings actions; i.e. punching, was the operating substantial cause of the suffering to Bernadette; Pagett Cheshire[17]; which is evidenced by the fact of the eye bruising and discomfort which lasted for 3 days. However, it must be noted that Aislings defense cannot rely on the fact that Aisling never had the necessary mens rea of punching Bernadette, as the doctrine of transferred malice will come into play and effectively transfer the mens rea of the offence from Dan to Bernadette; Latimer[18] where the defendant was held liable for injuries to a third party bystander, when the accused tried to hit the original victim but missed had hit another third party bystander. Aisling intentionally hit Dan with a vase on the head, because of the remarks he passed on her; thereby causing head injuries which caused Dan to suffer a coma for several weeks. The prosecution will push for a conviction under s.18 OAPA GBH with intent. They will, first have to prove that Aisling inflicted or caused the injuries to Dan; Wilson[19], thus it must be proved that was the defendants actions were the operating substantial cause for the injuries sustained by the victim; Cheshire[20]. Secondly, the prosecution will have to establish that the harm suffered by Dan was really serious harm, as per the HOL in DPP v. Smith[21]. Thus, in Bollom [22], the COA held that the jury must consider the age, health and the entirety of the injuries; in deciding whether the injuries sustained were grievous or not. The 1994 Charging Standards provides guidelines to determine GBH in injuries [23]. Lastly, the prosecution must establish Aislings necessary mens rea and must prove that she inte nded to cause serious harm/ GBH to Dan. As it is factually evident that she hit the vase with full force, at Dans head, it is presumable that she must have foreseen some really serious harm coming to Dan. But for a conviction under s.18 OAPA, specific intent to cause grievous bodily harm or to resist arrest is required and recklessness or foresight is not sufficient. Similarly, in Ismail[24]; the court found the defendant liable for GBH with intent, where he threw acid on the victims face, thereby causing injuries and blinding. Ultimately, it will be up to the jury to decide the question of intention guided by these principles, finding Aislings criminal liability towards Dan. (1301 Words) Bibliography Criminal Law: Text, Cases, and Materials By Jonathan Herring, 6th Edition. [1] Woolmington v DPP [1935] AC 462 [2] Section 39 of the Criminal Justice Act (CJA) 1988 http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/33/section/39 [3] R v. Burstow, R v. Ireland [1997] UKHL 34 [1997] 4 All ER 225, [1997] 3 WLR 534, [1998] 1 Cr App R 177, [1997] Crim LR 810. [4] Logdon v DPP [1976] Crim LR 121 (DC). [5] Tuberville v Savage [1669] EWHC KB J25, (1669) 1 Mod Rep 3, 86 ER 684 [6] Venna (COA) [1975] 3 All ER 788 (CA). [7] Savage and Parmenter [1992] 1 AC 699, 736, per Lord Ackner. [8] C (a minor) v. Eisenhower [1984] QB 331 [9] R v. Mowatt [1968] 1QB 421 [10] Savage and Parmenter [1992] 1 AC 699, 736, [11] R v Caldwell [1982] AC 341 [12] DPP v. Little [1992] QB 645 [13] Fagan v MPC [1969] 1 QB 439 [14] Collins v Wilcock [1984] 3 All ER 374 [15] R v Miller [1954] 2 QB 282 [16] à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦loss or breaking of teeth, temporary loss of sensory function, extensive or multiple bruising, broken nose, minor fractures or minor cuts requiring stitches. The 1994 Charging Standards http://www.cps.gov.uk/legal/l_to_o/offences_against_the_person/#a03 [17] R v Pagett (1983) 76 Cr App R 279 R v Cheshire [1991] 3 ALL ER 670 [18] R v. Latimer (1886) 17 QBD 359 [19] R v. Wilson [1984] AC 242 [20] R v Cheshire [1991] 3 ALL ER 670. [21] DPP v. Smith [1961] AC 290 [22] R v. Bollom [2004] 2 Cr App R 6, [23] à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦resulting in loss of sensory function, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ injuries with substantial loss of blood, injuries requiring lengthy treatment or incapacity, severe internal injuries and those resulting in significant disablement of the victim, whether temporary or permanent. The 1994 Charging Standards http://www.cps.gov.uk/legal/l_to_o/offences_against_the_person/#a03 [24] R v Ismail (1991) 13 Cr App R (S) 395, CA

Broadband IP Networks :: essays research papers

Putting Broadband to work Broadband value added services create value and loyalty, thus revenue. Abstract   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Broadband carriers, access, and service providers initially focused on providing Internet Access. As competition and price pressure intensify, Providers are seeking to deploy IP-based value added services. Rapid Industry adoption of rich streaming media is being driven by an eco system of interested parties: Service providers, Advertisers, Broadcasters, Consumers and Carriers. This rapid conversion needs a new platform to manage, store, protect and distribute Broadband Content of all types (Games, Video, Music and Business Applications) This document describes the needs and the solution for such a platform, empowering the new breed of horizontally layered providers of services. RAGA’s platform was developed to uniquely address these concerns and offer and end-to-end solution for Broadband Content Delivery. We regard Broadband as a powerful technology, potentially a â€Å"Killer App†, because it can change and redefine our lifestyle, reshaping infotainment and the way we use our leisure. Broadband is a new infrastructure for numerous Infotainment services not possible before. It enables a Content Revolution in Entertainment (especially Music, Video and Games), education, Productivity and Communication. During the last two years, the industry seems to understand this trend, and traditionally well-defined borders between separate types of operators seem to now blend. The Telecommunications Market is undergoing a vast convergence process. Different industries, having served in the past different sectors in the market, have now contributed, mostly thanks to technological advances, to the formation of the â€Å"Information Society†, where the general public accesses incommensurable quantities of all types of content and media: Basic requirements to deliver Broadband Content To fully realize the potential of a public network delivering Broadband On-Demand content to a ‘segment of one’ user, Service intelligence is needed in the network, across all applications. To get a coherent and repetitive intelligence across many applications, the best solution is to host them on a single Middleware or Platform (which is what the RAGAâ„ ¢ framework is all about), which applies the intelligence to all content and applications. The service intelligence needs to ask each user: Who are you? What applications do you want to use? Are you allowed to use it? What class of service do you require? How much are you willing to pay for that service? The platform must then dynamically apply the necessary combination of security, performance, address management, and protocol functions. This user-oriented, session-aware service model requires that the platform support the following service intelligence functions: User Authentication and Authorization –for secure access control

Ethics †morality Essay

When asking people â€Å"what does ethics mean? † we get many different replies. Some relate ethics to feelings, others relate it to religion, others might relate it to the law, others relate it to society and some just do not know. They are all wrong. Ethics refers to well-founded standards of right and wrong. Feelings, religion and the law may misguide people from what is ethical. The majority of people misunderstand what being ethical means. Some think that being ethical means following the law. The law often incorporates ethical standards to which most citizens subscribe. But laws, like feelings, can deviate from what is ethical. Our own pre-Civil War slavery laws and the old apartheid laws of present-day South Africa are grotesquely obvious examples of laws that deviate from what is ethical. Adela Cortina (March, 2000) said, â€Å"A natural law standpoint which, whether in its traditional or ‘post traditional’ version, ultimately takes only what is just from a certain moral conception as ‘valid law’, is not an acceptable basis for legal legislation in a morally pluralist society. † Nor should one identify ethics with religion. Most religions, of course, advocate high ethical standards. Yet if ethics were confined to religion, then ethics would apply only to religious people. But ethics applies as much to the behavior of the atheist as to that of the devout religious person. Religion can set high ethical standards and can provide intense motivations for ethical behavior. Ethics, however, cannot be confined to religion nor is it the same as religion. Praveen Parboteeah, Martin Hoegl and John B. Cullen (June, 2008) mention â€Å"some studies have found no difference between religious and non religious individuals on unethical behaviors such as dishonesty and cheating. Many people tend to equate ethics with their feelings, but being ethical is clearly not a matter of following one’s feelings. A person following his or her feelings may recoil from doing what is right. Feelings frequently deviate from what is ethical. Just like Ken Bowen (August, 1994) said, â€Å"With a set of rules guilt is all too often a conflict between what is said to be wrong and what one feels to be right and can be devastating to an individuals personality. † What, then, is ethics? Ethics is two things. First, ethics refers to well-founded standards of right and wrong that prescribe what humans ought to do, usually in terms of rights, obligations, benefits to society, fairness, or specific virtues. Ethics, for example, refers to those standards that impose the reasonable obligations to refrain from rape, stealing, murder, assault, slander, and fraud. Ethical standards also include those that enjoin virtues of honesty, compassion, and loyalty. And, ethical standards include standards relating to rights, such as the right to life, the right to freedom from injury, and the right to privacy. Such standards are adequate standards of ethics because they are supported by consistent and well-founded reasons. Secondly, ethics refers to the study and development of one’s ethical standards. As mentioned above, feelings, laws, and social norms can deviate from what is ethical. So it is necessary to constantly examine one’s standards to ensure that they are reasonable and well-founded. Ethics also means, then, the continuous effort of studying our own moral beliefs and our moral conduct, and striving to ensure that we, and the institutions we help to shape, live up to standards that are reasonable and solidly-based. Most people do not really know what the meaning of ethics is. They all have a different idea of it. They relate it to things like religion, law and feelings. Well these usually deviate us from what is right and wrong. That is not all there is to ethics. Ethics has to do with standards of right and wrong. They may change through time. One must always examine one’s standards.

John Williams essays

John Williams essays To think of timeless music, music that has survived for twenty, thirty, even hundreds of years; one cannot help but think of Bach, Mozart, and Beethoven. But that leaves a question in the mind, What has happened to classical music and where is it going. Earlier this century where Stravinsky, Sousa, Gershwin all the way to Bernstein who died in 1990. Tragically today, one might think of Yanni or John Tesh as composers; however, many critics agree that new age music will not stand the test of time. Only a certain type of composer nowadays can reach the fame and recognition that composers of the past have enjoyed, and that is scorers. The top echelon of these composers includes the likes of Hans Zimmer, Steven Schwartz, Jerry Goldsmith, and even Elton John. The most popular and successful composers this century have given the public unforgettable melodies to unforgettable movies and TV shows. As was said in the third episode of Dawsons Creek, Dawson, romance doesnt always come with a John Williams score. Without a doubt, the most successful of these scorer slash composers is John Towner Williams. John Williams was born in 1932 in New York to Johnny and Ester Williams. His father was a successful jazz drummer who had worked for CBS and NBC. In 1948, he moved to Los Angeles and graduated High School in 1950 after performing and composing for the school band. Only a year later at UCLA, he composed a piano sonata that was pretty successful for a nineteen year old. In 1952, John was drafted and then discharged in 1954 when he went to study at the Julliard School of Music making ends meet as a jazz pianist. Later, he hooked up with Alfred Newman at Twentieth Century Fox and began an unstoppable wave of compositions, scores, and awards. In the sixties, John wrote themes and scores for TV including: Lost in Space, Bob Hope Chrysler Theatre, Land of the Gia ...

Plato info essays

Plato info essays 5. Plato says Socrates chose death over escape because of man's relationship with the state. Describe that relationship. What political theory of the Enlightenment did Plato anticipate? Plato believed that Socrates chose death over escape because of the fact that man enters into a social contract with the society that he enters. In exchange for security, and protection of rights, man must abide by the rules set forth by this society. Socrates, like all citizens had entered into this contract with the city-state of Athens, and as such, had to follow the laws set for him. It is my belief that mans relationship with the state is such of a cog in the machine, much as it is today. When a person oversteps their place in a tightly regimented society such as Athens, there must be reprecussions due to the shift in paradigm that said society will experience. Over time, society allowed for limited fringe groups much like the ones that exist in the America of today, but most of our society adheres to the position they are granted as a cog in the machine. Socrates consciously made his decision regarding his role in Athenian society, thus allowing for his right to self-determination, which was an abomination in the face of the tightly structured society that was Athens of 2400 years ago. By violating the laws of Athens, Socrates consciously violated the Social Contract which he was held accountable to. In addition, Socrates knew that all men must be held accountable to the same laws, else anarchy would reign. By realizing this, Socrates knew that he must die for the state, and that was his most noble action. It is evident that Plato forsaw the philosophy of the Social Contract that would dominate the Enlightenment through persons such as: Jean-Jacques Rousseau, John Locke,and Thomas Hobbes. By forseeing this, Plato inevitably came to the conclusion that Socrates died in order to preserve the fragile state tha ...

Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Management - Assignment Example For example, the sales department had pointed out that there was inadequate support from the marketing department and for this reason, poor sales had resulted. On the other hand, according to the Director of the marketing department, the design and quality of the product were the major causes of the problem. In order to deal with the problems, a restructure plan was required to be formulated which would best suit the company. The following restructure model can be used: Source: 1 Chinese Apparel Industry Facts From the year 2003, there has been an increase in the market size of the Chinese apparel sector from USD 47,194 million to USD 78,459 million in the year 2009 at a CAGR of 8.8%. In the year 2009, there was a sharp decline in growth rate, where the market slumped due to economic chaos. From USD 95,540 million in the year 2008, the market declined to USD 78,459 million in the year 2009, which was estimated to be a decline of 17.9% of growth2. Diagnosis Internal Analysis of the Sp ortswear Company in China There were multifarious reasons that led the sportswear company in China to suffer losses such as lack of support from the marketing department and poor design and quality of the products. ... They should be aware of different rules and regulations imposed by the government including the taxation policy. Since the Sportswear Company in China is itself manufacturing the products, there is possibility of unfavorable changes in political and trade relations between Singapore and China. The political instability in China, increase in labor costs, or unfavorable weather conditions could considerably get in the way of the production and the shipment of the products of the company, which would in turn affect their operations and financial results. Economic: The sportswear company is also affected by the economy of the country. The stability of interest rate in the country is also a significant factor which can have an impact. A high rate of interest will result in the fall of demand of the product making the borrowings expensive and savings attractive. On the other hand, a low rate of interest leads to increase in the inflation. The company should also take the tax into considera tion. Mainly the taxes are of two types namely direct and indirect. Direct tax cannot be avoided and it affects the personal disposable income. People can avoid Indirect tax such as VAT by not purchasing the products. The high rate of interest in China has led to the fall in the demand of the products in the last two years thereby resulting in the losses for the company. But with the improvement in the living standards of the people of China and also changes in their consumption level, sportswear companies are becoming popular among the people, thereby enhancing the businesses of sportswear manufacturing companies in China. Social: The company should also take into consideration the

New York State report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

New York State report - Essay Example (Cuomo, 2012) Using the $10 billion dollar waiver awarded, the state plans on transforming the health care system of its people through the MRT plan. Some of the key issues outlined in the waiver include: expansion of high quality primary health care, grants to increase health homes for patients in need of extensive health care and facilities, strategies to increase Medicaid savings in the long-term and evaluation of ongoing and new MRT initiatives to ensure that public funds are not embezzled. The plans will ensure that health insurance becomes affordable through reduction of insurance premiums, pulling of resources together to reduce individual costs like coinsurance, copayments and deductibles and providing credits to ease the purchase of the insurance cover for low income earners. The benefits of these reforms are numerous. First, it reduces the high cost of Medicare due to the spread of costs among many people. Pooling of risks and costs among many people will result to lower premium rates and therefore, all costly health care would be affordable to all people. Secondly, a good health system will result in higher productivity since the labor force is healthy. Lastly, people under the insurance cover seek medical attention regularly; this reduces the chances of illnesses occurring and the general cost of the health care. Health insurance exchanges refer to marketplaces where individuals and small businesses can compare and buy health insurance. The exchanges will be accessible through physical offices, phone lines and websites. There are four categories of coverage offered by insurers: platinum, gold, silver and bronze with platinum being the most costly while bronze being the cheapest. The following grants were awarded to the state of New York to develop the Exchange program: Exchange Planning Grant, Early Innovator Grant and Exchange Establishment Grant. (Slavik & Webb, n.d.) The law requires

Dramatic action, genres and styles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Dramatic action, genres and styles - Essay Example Lewis is more interested in the experiences people had with guns more than she is about political attitude people show towards them. The set is moderate just a work area, a light, and a seat enhance the stage. A couple of picture casings are taken out of a cardboard box every now and then, and an upstage entryway is marginally aired out, giving a fragment of light. That ever-so-slight light from the entryway is unpleasant and feels typical of discovering light toward the end of a dull passage. Maybe that is the proposition: to infer trust for Lewis that she may inevitably be free from her individual story of enthusiasm and melancholy. On the other hand maybe it holds a more noteworthy centrality: to recommend that despite the fact that the voices of those on the far left and far right of weapon control laws are the voices that are frequently noted, the individuals who are in the middle of the lions share may can some way or another be heard and arrangements can be found. Villa unmistakably presents Lewis words, â€Å"We have a problem with guns in America.† The issue is we ridiculously like them." Like the m, abhor them, or feel some place in the middle of, weapon control is an issue that has more than one side. With a second demonstration that permits the gathering of people to impart their musings and stories, this show is encouraging a quite required dialog. During the climax of the play, Lewis does reveal how it is a fascinating and frequently excruciating adventure through gun culture — an anodyne expression that covers the numerous shades of subtlety in how Americans feel about firearms. The vicinity of Lewis herself and our dawning acknowledgment of exactly how difficult some of these stories will be, joined with Villas pliable (yet frequently funny) persona as the course for one ladys existence with weapons includes a passionate measurement that I think wouldnt be there without both of

Cognitive Development May Progress Gradually or Through a Series of Stages Essay Example for Free

Cognitive Development May Progress Gradually or Through a Series of Stages Essay Cognitive development can be defined as the growth of our knowledge in understanding the world around us. This growth can be developed gradually, in other words, it is seen as a continuous process by collecting more information. Another way of developing cognitively is through a series of stages which involves some sort of revolution from one period to another in one’s lifetime. Jean Piaget, a cognitive developmentalist believed that humans go through a series of stages in life in order to reach their full cognitive ability. In this essay, we would briefly talk about Piaget’s Stage Theory and its criticisms. Piaget divided his theory into four different stages of development. The first one is known as the sensorimotor stage which is applied to infants for approximately the first two years of their lives. At this stage, infants discover the world mainly by their senses and actions. One of the main concepts Piaget penned is object permanence. This is the knowledge of the existence of objects even when we cannot directly sense it. Piaget suggested that babies lack this concept through his study; A not B task. In this study, the experimenter hides a toy under Box A then the baby would search for it under Box A. This procedure was repeated and eventually in front of the baby, the experimenter hid the toy under Box B. The baby searched for it under Box A instead of B even though they saw the experimenter hid it under Box B. Therefore, this study shows that the baby lacked the concept of object permanence. They are known to be in a state of solipsism, also known as the failure to differentiate between themselves and the surroundings. Based on observation conducted on his own children (1952), Piaget divided this stage into six different sub stages. However, Piaget’s claims on object permanence have been criticized. Baillargeon et al. (1985) found in their research that infants as young as three-and-a-half months have developed the ability of object permanence. This was backed up by Bower Wishart (1972) whereby they discovered that even after the lights were switched off, the babies continued to search for the object shown. Hence, they do possess the ability of object permanence. The second stage is the preoperational stage which occurs when the child is aged 2 to 7. On this stage, the child solves problems by using symbols and develops the skill for languages. According to Piaget, the child is egocentric which means he sees the world from his standpoint but not others. The solution to this is to apply operational intelligence. The process of solving problems by using logic. Another concept which Piaget is concerned with is conservation. It is the understanding that any quantity remains the same even if physical changes is made to the objects holding the medium. In addition to these concepts, centration, also defined as the focus on a single aspect of a problem at a time. Piaget states that at this stage, the child fails to decenter. Conversely, Borke and Hughes (1975) found contradicting evidence against Piaget’s on his study of the three mountains task. They used the same elements of the task and discovered that children had no problem with identifying the perspectives of the others when the task is shown in a meaningful context. Hence, from the result obtained, Hughes found that the children did not display any characteristics of being egocentric. Furthermore, Gelman (1979) found in his study that four year olds altered their explanations of things to get their message across clearer to a blindfolded listener. If Piaget’s concept of egocentrism was correct then, this shouldn’t have happened. In addition, Flavell suggested an alternative to this issue by coining the Level 1 and Level 2 perspective-taking abilities. In Level 1, one thinks about viewing objects but not the different perspectives that can be seen of the objects while in Level 2, one is able to imagine the views of the objects from different angles. Flavell concluded that it is not compulsory that children think others share the same perspective as themselves but they do struggle to imagine what others can see. Therefore, this shows that Piaget’s claim on egocentrism could be correct or wrong. Moreover, in Donaldson’s Children’s Minds (1978), she argued that children misunderstood the questions which Piaget asked while conducting the studies. This was the reason why Piaget obtained the results in his studies involving the concept of conservation especially. Donaldson stated that Piaget’s tasks had no meaningful context for the children to understand, hence they answered what they thought the experimenter expected of them. This claim was supported by Rose Blank (1974) where they found children often succeeded in the conservation task. Further research was done by Samuel Bryant (1978) who used conservation of number, liquid quantity and substance and obtained similar conclusion with Rose Blank’s. Donaldson also stated that children were unintentionally forced to produce the wrong answer against their own logical judgment. One of the explanations is that the same question was asked repeatedly before and after transformations presented to them and this in turn caused the children to believe that their original answer was wrong. Thus, the idea of children assuming the fact that reality changes according to appearance could be incorrect. In addition, Piaget may have underestimated a child’s cognitive ability because based on Mitchell Robinson’s (1992) study; they demonstrated that children from the age of 4 could locate the correct answer to a solution by canceling out the alternatives. This process is also known as inference by elimination. The children were presented with a set of cartoon characters, three of which were well-known. They were asked to identify a superhero which was unknown. The researchers discovered that majority of the children selected the unknown character without doubt. Another example of a child’s ability is their capability with syllogisms which consists of logical problems accompanied by a general rule that enables people to create a statement. Dias and Harris (1990) stated a general rule that all fish live in trees and Tiddles is a fish, then it is logical to assume that Tiddles live in trees. After presenting this to the children, they insisted that Tiddles lives in the water instead. However, after the experimenters presented them with another rule, they were ready to use the rule to make inferences. Therefore, these evidences show that Piaget may have underestimated the abilities of younger children. Subsequently is the stage of concrete operation which happens to children around the age of 7 to 12. Now the child is able to solve their problems in a logical manner but the problem has to be either real or concrete. The final stage; formal operations which takes place when the child turns 12 and continue into their adulthood. In this stage, one would be able to solve problems systematically and logically even if the problem is a hypothetical situation. Wason and Johnson-Laird showed that most intelligent adults do not fulfill Piaget’s ideal cognitively developed person through selection task. This claim is proved in Cheng and Holyoak’s (1985) study where the results strongly show that majority of the participants does not display the reasoning of an adult in the stage of formal operations. In other words, this experiment is a clear indication that the formal operations stage does not exist. One of the critics of Piaget’s Stage Theory in general is John Flavell (1982) who claimed that Piaget did not define the cognitive processes clearly. Furthermore, Braine and Rumain (1983) who conducted an analysis on the contents and the structure of the theory found that Piaget’s theory could be flawed. These are only the few critics of Piaget’s Stage Theory. Thus, the theory is constantly being questioned due to its impact in the field of cognitive psychology. After stating the basic facts of the theory as well as giving some examples of the critics of Piaget’s concepts and ideas, we are now able to get an overview of the debate. Overall, there are evidences which propose some of the concepts to be reviewed again and maybe even rejected. However, from the researches conducted on Piaget’s theory as well as the impact of it, alternative theories were penned down. For example, Vygotsky’s theory which takes on a more social based view of describing the cognitive development. In conclusion, Piaget’s theory have been applied in various institutions especially education but it is also being criticized by many in the field, therefore, it is only fair to conclude that Piaget’s theory may need to be modified in order to create a more accurate theory to explain the way we understand the world.

History Of The Nigerian Mass Media Media Essay

History Of The Nigerian Mass Media Media Essay The emerging trend in Nigerias broadcast industry after the doors were thrown open for private participation has been a success story. The Nigerian nation, contrary to initial governments apprehensions, has not collapsed. There has not been any case of the use of the private stations to foment trouble nor subvert the country. Rather, what Nigerians seemed to have witnessed is the opportunity to choose. Competition in broadcast programming brought about by private stations has created some vitality and vibrancy in the broadcast sector such that even many government owned stations that were almost sinking in boring and monotonous monologues of what the government said and so on have been forced to abandon their slumber. It has been a tremendous advantage for the Nigerian airways for the deregulation of its airways. The governments fears became unfounded with the exemplary courage of General Ibrahim Babaginda (administration) who on August 24, 1992, threw open the gates to allow private individuals and groups the opportunity to own, control and operate broadcast stations. However, for a long time, government held on to its exclusive monopoly of the broadcast media because it felt it could not trust the professional discretion of private individuals to protect public interests or safeguard the nations security. It would be recalled that successive military adventurists found it a convenient strategy to execute their coups on the airwaves of the nations broadcast media. The government probably felt the nation was not ripe for private ownership of broadcast stations. Meanwhile, decades later the former governments realized they have been wrong because the deregulation expanded the industry and improved the efficiency and effectiveness of broadcast stations in the country. Deregulation in Nigeria has not only helped the country but boost the freedom of expression and also promote the quality of broadcasting in Nigeria. Furthermore, they have also stimulated social and economic growth and development in the country. In fact, if not for anything, it has provided more employment opportunities for Nigerians and a medium for advertisers and advertising practitioners. With the coming of private television stations, the face of television broadcast in Nigeria has been changed permanently for good. For one, it has raised the stake in the industry, as stations, both public and private, now competition is getting keener by the day. Today, viewers have more stations to choose from, unlike in the past when NTA and state stations held sway. This has translated to more programmes. One of the fallouts of broadcast deregulation is the upsurge in the thriving activities of independent producers. Because of the options and latitude provided by a deregulated broadcast market, independent producers, most of who had been frustrated out of civil service media stations have new opportunities to showcase their talents. Besides, the employment market in the broadcast sector, in the wake of deregulation, offered better prospects as employers lured the few available talents with better remunerations. Poaching soon became the order of the day as most government stations that failed to appreciate the worth of their on-air talents and other professionals in the news, programmes, and engineering directorates lost them to the upcoming outfits. In addition to the benefit of deregulation in Nigeria, the ownership of broadcast media stations by individuals craves way for true democracy. It is fact that a government owned broadcast station would not want to broadcast anything that would jeopardize or tarnish the image of the government. Hence, workers in such media house would find it difficult to broadcast unscrupulous stories of the government because of the fear of losing his job. However, the presence of private media houses gives room for easy publication of governments unscrupulous stories. The purpose of mass communication as a watch-dog for the masses becomes effective in this aspect because a case study of Nigeria reveals that a private media house will not hesitate to broadcast any news story that would or not tarnish the image of the government. This they would do more than a government owned station. Furthermore, it is conspicuous that deregulating the airways as been one of the strategic decisions the Nigerian government has taken. Another advantage of the deregulation of the airways is the act of broadcast on-line. The private media houses in Nigeria facilitate the growth and increase of web-casting. In Nigeria today, almost all private media houses have their programmes broadcast on-line through web-casting. All these advantages of deregulation of the airways in Nigeria have contributed immensely in improving the economy of the country. It has improved the economy because so many individuals have set up so many media houses which have also increased the numbers of the employed especially those who had gone to school to study in the specified field of mass communication and journalism. Moreover, as the standard of the industry improves, it makes the industry to be capable of competing with other countries industries. Also, another advantage which a broadcast station has is the capability of educating its listeners. Deregulation in Nigeria which gives room for the rush in of more media houses make viewers have choices of been educated. It increases the ability of media houses to make its audience educated and conscious of where they live in. Advertisement on broadcast stations also create awareness to the masses, so many broadcast stations even when individuals owned stations have dominated the airways advertise lots of products and services. Most importantly, it serves as a medium where manufacturers or entrepreneurs reveal their products or services to the people. Also, it serves as a medium the audience gets to know about new products and new development. Finally, based on the emphasis of the relevance and necessities of the deregulation of the Nigerian airways, it is a fact that the deregulation of the airways was necessary and has benefited the country tremendously. There is also a bright prospect ahead of the industry even as these individuals who keep on thronging into the industry keep on imbibing fresh and well innovating ideas which would improve it to its peak of standard. So therefore, indeed the sky is a stepping stone for the industry.

Essay --

We are all familiar with hospitals. Depending on our condition we see many different doctors and nurses. Manny patients think their primary care giver is their doctor, however they are wrong. The primary caregiver is their nurse working every hour, the nurse is checking their vitals, and assessing their condition. Now let’s go to a patient in critical condition. Andrew, a thirty-three year old man who had been badly burned, and lost his leg to the trauma. Andrew was in such pain his attending nurse gave him the max and the nurse was very worried of respiratory collapse. Andrew spent eight weeks in the critical care department, but said he would not have survived it without his attending nurse Ellen. The patient is taken care of, but the patient doesn’t know how the nurse is doing, who is providing their care. That patient doesn’t know if he or she feels overworked or if he or she has had a break in the last twelve hours. The patient probably doesn’t know that the critical care nurse is taking care of seven other patients. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing, â€Å"critical care nursing is that specialty within nursing that deals specifically with human responses to life-threatening problems. A critical care nurse is a licensed professional nurse who is responsible for ensuring that acutely and critically ill patients and their families receive optimal care.† (American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, 2010) In summary critical nursing is a daunting task one where one individual would be overworked and trying to be in too many places at once. In addition nurses are feeling an even extra strain because hospitals’ intensive care units are understaffed. Now, this is not an extreme situation, however is a direct iss... ...ge, this is a vicious circle. A circle that needs to be broken by the administrations to provide better care for our nurses which will result in better care of patients. Ultimately something needs to be done to better protect the rights of individual nurses bringing the shortage and patient deaths down. As stated early, nurses are primary caregivers in hospitals. Nursing will never be an easy profession, but it is an admirable one. Nurses aren’t nurses because they receive worthy pay or have decent schedules. Nurses are the ultimate care givers because they are compassionate and have a passion for helping others. Unfortunately, the lack of respect and shortage makes it difficult for nurses to truly see the gift they are giving their patients. In summary it is all about finding solutions to better our healthcare organizations who can better the lives of all nurses.

Love of country? Essay

Frederick Douglass’s speech â€Å"If I Had A Country, I Should Be A Patriot† delivers a blasting reproach on the discrimination of the African American and why he feels indignant about his country and being unwilling to call himself a patriot. Similar to Langston Hughes’s â€Å"I, Too, Sing America† , both employ a chord informative structure and a canting tone simple enough for the audience to incite a reaction from the audience to plead for freedom in America. Both authors though in different times face the challenges of racism and being an African American in the â€Å"Republic† of America. Douglass explains that even under natural rights there is no spot sacred in America that can secure his right of liberty. He orates â€Å"This is your land of the free†, your â€Å"home of the brave† to symbolize the ambivalence and optimism for freedom being an African American in America at that juncture and that America must be envisioned as the sentimental identity of the African American slave. â€Å"I never knew what freedom was till I got beyond the limits of the American eagle†. Douglass tries to explain that the idea of being a patriot in America differs from the reality currently going on in his time persuading his listeners to acknowledge the humanity in dehumanizing the institution of slavery. In Langston Hughes’s poem his first stanza details how he is treated unequally. â€Å"I am the darker brother; they send me to eat in the kitchen, when company comes but I laugh and eat well and grow strong.† He demonstrates that the nation he considers himself to belong under the constitution does not treat him as a superior but an inferior. The sentiment of this quote internally depicts that he feels equal to the other race. Unlike Douglass who is encouraging the people to realize their rights, Hughes is waiting for the opportune moment to rebel. The last four lines of Hughes’s poem â€Å"Besides, They’ll see how beautiful I am and be ashamed – I, too, am America† corresponds with Douglass’s insight of hope and using inequality to unmask inequality in America and orating that his race integral to the very existence of America. Hughes orates that he will endure the racial despair with hopefulness in the American promise of justice for all. Douglass and Hughes are judging that there’s no greater danger to the advancement of the African American than the country and its spirit of alienation. This will always steer up to a revolution in a country. America should be a land true to natural love of liberty and its moral humanity and guide its united people to a moral progress. They found a reason to love and identify with this country despite injustices their people had suffered continued to suffer in their days as they waited for the alternate solution.

Intercultural communication issue Essay

Intercultural Communication Issue: Electronic Mail Meanings reside in people, not in words (Littlejohn, 2001, 39). This basic precept of language can be deemed a positive axiom for successful communication. Whenever possible, both parties should seek a common code and/or attempt to understand cultural differences in coding systems. Admittedly, it is difficult to arrive at a common code if a person and his communication partner speak different languages. The English language contains countless subcodes. Even nonverbal cues shift from culture to culture. Much like in the case of this electronic message sent by a hypothetical boss to a representative of a department flocked with Hongkong-based Chinese nationals: â€Å"I wanted to welcome you ASAP to our little family here in the States. It’s high time we shook hands in person and not just across the sea. I’m pleased as punch about getting to know you all, and I for one will do my level best to sell you on America. † The statement above is a blend of American vernacular and idiomatic expression. It appears to be a simple salutatory message that turns embedded in unnecessary verbosity. This communication style takes risks in seeking suitable interpretation on the part of the message recipients. The words or phrases ASAP, across the sea, punch, and sell for Americans are easy to understand and can even cause no outstanding remarks from them. But to use these words in a message meant for relatively new employees with a relatively different linguistic background, startling and even violent reactions might be elicited. In fairness to Hongkongers, they are officially bilingual between Chinese and English. After the transfer of sovereignty from the United Kingdom to the People’s Republic of China in 1997, both Chinese and English remained the official language of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. English is the major working language in Hong Kong, and is widely used in commercial activities and legal matters (Flores, et al. , 1991, 246). However, this gift of bilingualism may likewise yield confusion, as British idioms are different from Americans’. Moreover, code-switching between Cantonese and English may not help them fathom best the message above. Some purist scholars consider Cantonese speakers who incorporate too much English are even dubbed language-handicapped (Flores, et al. , 1991, 245). And because the message was delivered through a virtual channel, the importance of nonverbal aspect of the communication is overlooked. This could have done the job of exhibiting the context most especially should the weight of the message comes to such portions as punch or sell you. The boss should have noted that communication is defined more by behavior than the communication event itself (Kale and Luke, 1991, 7). Nonverbal behaviors also shift from culture to culture and bilingualism may provide little help if the communicators had not developed code sensitivity toward the culture-specific message systems. With simplicity, neutrality and cordiality in mind, Hence, the message to be conveyed to the migrant employees should more or less look like this: â€Å"Good day! We welcome you once again to Will and Hung Company! May you find your new home over here in the United States as we are as earnest to make this company a place for you to work with satisfaction. † From this takes off a working atmosphere that encourages these new people to feed back in order for them to adjust their behavior to the relatively new environment. The boss must indeed shake their hands in person because it is indeed high time to use nonverbal actions as a way of inspiring them to respond to him in all honesty. He must think for a moment of all the positive attitudes and images he associates with smiling, head nodding, leaning forward, and laughing. ough these behaviors seem very Western, they often produce positive reactions in other cultures. Furthermore, interesting research findings suggest that communication changes encroach on how people relate to one another in organizations. Computer-mediated communications differ from face-to-face and telephone interactions in three important respects: there is a greater sense of anonymity; there is creation of new groups; and there is also susceptibility to computer addiction (Sullivan, 2003). Many executives become less social and less available for face-to-face conversations (Braun, 2002). Adjustment efforts must also manifest on the part of the host culture. Because much of the world speaks English, many of Americans have a tendency to assume we need not learn a foreign language. The very fact that others have made an attempt to learn our language should motivate us to reciprocate. There is more to language than vocabulary, syntax, and dialects. Language is more than a vehicle of communication; it teaches one a culture’s lifestyle, ways of thinking, and different patterns of interacting. References Braun, Patrice. (2002). â€Å"Digital Knowledge Networks: Linking Communities of Practice with Innovation.† Journal of Business Strategies. Flores, B. , Cousin, P. T. & Diaz, E. (1991). Transforming Deficit Myths About Learning, Language, And Culture. Language Arts (pp. 245-246). Littlejohn, Stephen W. (2001). â€Å"Theories of Signs and Language. † Theories of Human Communication (p. 39). Wadsworth Publishing. Kale, J. & Luke, A. (1991). Doing Things With Words: Early Language Socialization. The Literacy Agenda: Issues for the Nineties (p. 7). Victoria: Eleanor Curtain. Sullivan, Daniel. (2003). â€Å"International Business: An Emerging Vision. † Journal of International Business Studies.